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| List of African American firsts ： ウィキペディア英語版 |
List of African-American firsts
African Americans (also known as Black Americans and Afro-Americans) are an ethnic group in the United States. The first achievements by African Americans in various fields historically marked footholds, often leading to more widespread cultural change. The shorthand phrase for this is "breaking the color barrier".〔Juguo, Zhang (2001). ''W. E. B. Du Bois: The Quest for the Abolition of the Color Line''. Routledge. ISBN 978-0-415-93087-1〕〔Herbst, Philip H (1997). ''The Color of Words: An Encyclopaedic Dictionary of Ethnic Bias in the United States''. Intercultural Press. p. 57. ISBN 978-1-877864-97-1〕
One commonly cited example is that of Jackie Robinson, who was the first African American of the modern era to become a Major League Baseball player, ending 60 years of segregated Negro Leagues.〔Sailes, Gary Alan (1998). "Jackie Robinson: Breaking the Color Barrier in Team Sports". ''African Americans in Sport: Contemporary Themes, Transaction Publishers''. p. 8. ISBN 978-0-7658-0440-2〕
== 18th century ==
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